Epidemiological investigation on a visceral leishmaniasis case in Zhengzhou City of Henan Province / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To perform an epidemiological investigation on a case with visceral leishmaniasis in Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, and to identify the source of infection, so as to illustrate the transmission chain and assess the risk of local leishmaniasis transmission. Methods The medical data were collected from a case with visceral leishmaniasis in Zhengzhou City, and the patient’s bone marrow smears were detected by microscopy. Serum anti-Leishmania antibody test and PCR assay were performed among high-risk residents and all dogs in the village where the patient lived. Sandflies were captured using light traps and artificial traps, and the captured female Phlebotomus chinensis was subjected to PCR assay. The internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) gene was amplified with a nested PCR assay using the genomic DNA extracted from visceral leishmaniasis patients, positive dogs and sandflies, and the sequences were aligned with those download from NCBI. In addition, a phylogenetic tree was created based on the ITS1 gene. Results The visceral leishmaniasis patient had recurrent irregular fever, reduced complete blood counts, low hemoglobin, and a large number of Leishmania amastigotes in bone marrow smears, and was therefore diagnosed as visceral leishmaniasis. Both rk39 rapid diagnostic test and PCR assay tested negative among 324 residents living neighboring the patient’s residence, while 21.39% (43/201) dogs were positive for rk39 rapid diagnostic test and 13.93% (28/201) positive for PCR assay. There were 17 female Ph. chinensis tested positive for Leishmania (0.82%) by PCR assay, and the ITS gene sequences from visceral leishmaniasis patients, positive dogs and sandflies shared a 100% homology with L. infantum. The Leishmania species was therefore characterized as L. infantum. Conclusions L. infantum infection occurs in visceral leishmaniasis patients, dogs and sandflies in Zhengzhou City, indicating a complete transmission chain and a high transmission risk of visceral leishmaniasis by L. infantum. Intensified control measures are required to prevent local transmission of leishmaniasis in Zhengzhou City.

PGT or ICSI? The impression of NGS-based PGT outcomes in nonmosaic Klinefelter syndrome / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

This retrospective study demonstrates the clinical outcomes of patients with nonmosaic Klinefelter's syndrome (KS) who underwent preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) with frozen-thawed testicular spermatozoa. Microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE) was performed for sperm retrieval. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was conducted for embryo analysis. A total of 18 couples aged ≤35 years were included, and 22 oocyte retrieval cycles were completed. Euploidy was detected in 29 of 45 (64.4%) embryos. Additionally, the numbers of aneuploid and mosaic embryos detected were 8 (17.8%) and 8 (17.8%), respectively, regardless of a lack of sex chromosome abnormalities. Finally, 13 couples with euploid embryos completed 14 frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles. Ten couples had clinical pregnancies, and 6 of them had already delivered 5 healthy babies and 1 monozygotic twin. There were also 4 ongoing pregnancies and 2 biochemical pregnancies, but no early pregnancy loss was reported. Based on our results, we speculate that for KS patients, when sperm can be obtained by micro-TESE, the cryopreservation strategy makes the ovarian stimulation procedure more favorable for female partners. The paternal genetic risk of sex chromosome abnormalities in their offspring is extremely low in men with KS. In addition to PGT, the intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedure is comparably effective but more economical for young nonmosaic KS couples. ICSI should be offered as an option for such couples, but monitoring by prenatal genetic diagnosis is recommended.

Is It Possible to Replace Microendoscopic Discectomy with Percutaneous Transforaminal Discectomy for Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation? A Meta-Analysis Based on Recurrence and Revision Rate

Objectives@#: Due to recent developments and the wide application of percutaneous transforaminal discectomy (PTED) in China, we herein compare its clinical effects with microendoscopic discectomy (MED) for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation in terms of recurrence and revision rates. @*Methods@#: Six databases, namely, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Ovid, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang, were searched by computer. The literature was screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the quality of the included literature was evaluated. After extracting the data from the papers, Review Manager 5.2 software (Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK) was applied to analyze these data. Finally, sensitivity and publication bias analyses of the results were conducted. @*Results@#: A total of 12 studies consisting of 2400 patients were included in this meta-analysis. A comparison of PTED with MED revealed higher postoperative recurrence and postoperative revision rates for PTED (odds ratio [OR] recurrence, 1.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 2.53; p=0.05 and OR revision, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.18 to 2.64, p=0.006). @*Conclusion@#: PTED has a number of advantages because it is a minimally invasive surgery, but its recurrence and revision rates are higher than MED. Therefore, MED should not be completely replaced by PTED.

Re-constitution of T lymphocyte subsets in bone marrow of patients with hematological malignancies after allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To explore the re-constitution rule of T lymphocyte subsets in bone marrow of patients with hematological malignancies after allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), and its differences with those in the peripheral blood. Methods: This study was a prospective study. We collected the bone marrow and peripheral blood samples from 41 patients with hematological malignancies receiving allo-HSCT treatment in Department of Hematology of our hospital from Sep. 2015 to Jan. 2017. During the same period, bone marrow and peripheral blood samples of 7 healthy donors were collected as control samples. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the distribution of T lymphocyte subsets, including CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, T-helper cell (Th)1 and h2 before transplantation and 15, 30, 60, 90 and 180 d after transplantation. Luminex technique was used to evaluate Th1-related cytokines (interleukin 2 receptor [IL-2R] and interleukin 18 [IL-18]). Results: The proportions of CD4+ T cells in bone marrow of the patients with hematological malignancies were significantly lower versus the healthy controls 15 and 30 d after transplantation (both P 0.05). The ratio of CD4/CD8 T lymphocytes in bone marrow was gradually decreased after transplantation, and significantly lower versus the healthy controls 180 d after transplantation (P = 0.040). The ratios of Th1/Th2 in bone marrow were significantly higher than those of the healthy controls 15, 30, 60 and 90 d after transplantation (all P 0.05). The levels of IL-2R in bone marrow and peripheral blood of the patients with hematological malignancies were significantly higher than those of healthy controls 15, 30, 60 and 90 d after allo-HSCT (all P 0.05). Conclusion: After allo-HSCT, the re-constitution rules of different T lymphocyte subsets in bone marrow of patients with hematological malignancies are different, and are different from those in peripheral blood.

Measurement of Foxp3 and NFAT1 in children with aplastic anemia / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expression of Foxp3 and NFAT1 protein in peripheral blood (PB) in children with aplastic anemia (AA) and their roles in the pathogenesis of AA.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression levels of Foxp3 and NFAT1 protein of mononuclear cells in PB were measured by Western blot in 68 children with AA before and after treatment and in 60 normal children (control group). The correlation between Foxp3 and NFAT1 protein expression and the correlation of the Foxp3 and NFAT1 protein expression with blood Hb, WBC and platelet levels were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression levels of Foxp3 and NFAT1 protein in PB in the acute phase in the AA group were significantly lower than in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment (recovery phase) the expression levels of Foxp3 and NFAT1 protein increased obviously compared with those in the acute phase (P<0.05). The Foxp3 protein level was positively correlated with the NFAT1 protein level (r=0.812, P<0.05). Both the Foxp3 and NFAT1 protein levels were positively correlated with blood Hb, WBC and platelet levels in children with AA in the recovery phase (r=0.537, 0.579, 0.655 respectively; P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The Foxp3 and NFAT1 protein levels in PB are reduced in children with AA, suggesting that they are involved in the pathogenesis of AA. The measurement of Foxp3 and NFAT1 protein levels may be useful in the severity evaluation of AA.</p>

Clinical features of childhood hemophagocytic syndrome and its association with human parvovirus B19 infection / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association of childhood hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) with human parvovirus B19 (HPVB19) infection, and to analyze the clinical features of this disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>ELISA and quantitative real-time PCR were used to detect HPVB19-IgM, HPVB19-IgG and HPVB19-DNA in 65 children with HPS (HPS group) and 65 healthy children (control group). The HPS group was divided into HPVB19-infected (n=14) and non-infected (n=51) groups according to the detection results of HPVB19-DNA. The clinical data of two groups were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive rate of HPVB19-IgM in the HPS group (26%, 17/65) was significantly higher than that in the control group (9%, 6/65) (P=0.011), and there was no significant difference in the positive rate of HPVB19-IgG between the HPS (38%, 25/65) and control groups (29%, 19/65) (P=0.266). The infection rate of HPVB19 in the HPS group (22%, 14/65) was significantly higher than that in the control group (3%, 2/65) (P=0.001). Compared with the non-infected group, the HPVB19-infected group had significantly lower platelet count and hemoglobin level on admission, significantly more severe liver function damage, a significantly earlier onset time, and a significantly longer course of disease (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The pathogenesis of HPS may be associated with HPVBl9 infection. HPVBl9-infected children with HPS have more acute onset, more severe clinical manifestations, and a longer disease duration.</p>

Expression of CD58 in childhood B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia and its feasibility in minimal residual disease detection / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To measure the expression of lymphocyte function-associated antigen-3 (CD58) in childhood B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and to explore the feasibility of CD58 as an indicator for minimal residual disease (MRD) detection in childhood B-ALL.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty-seven children diagnosed with B-ALL between January 2014 and September 2014 were enrolled, and 20 hospitalized children who had no tumor or blood disease and had normal bone marrow cell morphology served as the control group. The expression features of CD58 in bone marrow samples from the two groups (at diagnosis, on day 15 of induction chemotherapy) were analyzed by four-color flow cytometry (FCM). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and FCM were used to detect MRD in B-ALL patients on day 33 of induction chemotherapy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean fluorescence intensity of CD58 expression in the 87 B-ALL cases (91±33) was significantly higher than that in the 20 controls (14±6) (P<0.01); CD58 was over-expressed in 44 of the B-ALL cases. In the B-ALL children, the expression of CD58 on day 15 of induction chemotherapy (105±22) was not significantly different from that at diagnosis (107±26) (P>0.05). In the 44 B-ALL patients with CD58 over-expression, FCM showed 9 MRD(+) cases and 35 MRD(-) cases, while qRT-PCR showed 11 MRD(+) cases and 33 MRD(-) cases; 42 cases (95%) showed consistent results of the two tests, so there was no significant difference between the two methods in detecting MRD (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>CD58 is over-expressed and stable in children with B-ALL, and it can be considered as an indicator for MRD detection in childhood B-ALL.</p>

Role of Helicobacter pylori infection in the pathogenesis and clinical outcome of childhood acute idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) and its products cytotoxin-associated protein (Cag A), vacuolating cytotoxin (VacA) in childhood acute idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (aITP), to evaluate the effect of Hp on their clinical outcome.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Subjects were enrolled according to case-control design, including 184 aITP children and 154 healthy controls. They were inquired for demographic characteristics, the risk factors regarding Hp infection and ITP through a uniformed questionnaire. Patients with Hp infection were diagnosed by combined detection of serum Hp antibodies and stool antigens. CagA and VacA proteins were tested by ELISA method. In addition, clinical data and follow-up data of aITP children were collected. Non-conditional logistic regression and t test were applied for statistical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The prevalence of Hp infection in aITP children and controls were 41.30% and 35.71%, respectively. No association between Hp infection and children aITP was found with OR of 1.170 (95%CI: 0.7163 - 1.673) after adjusting for confounding variables. (2) No statistical differences regarding initial platelet counts, megakaryocytes counts and the constituent ratio were found between the aITP children with and without Hp infection (P > 0.05). (3) No differences regarding initial platelet counts were found between aITP children with and without the expression of CagA (P > 0.05). The follow-up data showed that 32.88% of aITP children with Hp infection, as well as 29.70% of aITP children without Hp infection developed into cITP. No association between Hp infection and development to cITP was found with adjusted OR 1.171 (95%CI: 0.555 - 2.11 2).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The results didn't suggest that Hp is unlikely to play a role in the onset of childhood aITP, and in the development of aITP to cITP.</p>

Establishment and application of a novel method for detecting MLL fusion genes of acute leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to establish an efficient method to detect 10 common MLL fusion genes in patients with acute leukemia. Firstly, the relevant references and databases were searched to thoroughly investigate all fusion breakpoints; the primers and probes were designed according to nearly all the involved fusion types of gene. Then the multiplex real-time PCR system was established and optimized by using the established 16 positive plasmids and negative cell lines. Finally, the detection system was clinically evaluated by means of collected 54 samples of leukemia. The results indicated that the established detection system could efficiently detect all positive plasmids with sensibility to 10 copies. Four kinds of fusion gene types such as MLL-AF4, MLL-AF9, MLL-AF10, MLL-ELL could be detected in 54 samples, the sequencing of positive samples showed consistency of sequencing results with detection results. It is concluded that a novel multiplex real-time PCR detection method is established which can detect 10 common MLL fusion genes covering about 90% of the cases harboring MLL fusions. This method is fast, sensitive, specific and reliable, and should be an useful clinical tool for identification and management of leukemia patients with MLL fusions.

Effect of cyclosporine on regulatory T cells and Foxp3 in the peripheral blood of children with chronic aplastic anemia / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the expression diversification of CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(low) regulatory T (Treg) cells and Foxp3 mRNA in the peripheral blood of children with aplastic anemia after the treatment with cyclosporine.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty children with chronic aplastic anemia were enrolled, among whom 30 received cyclosporine treatment (cyclosporine group) and 20 were treated with conventional methods (conventional group). Twenty healthy children were enrolled as the control group. The expression of CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(low) Treg cells was detected by flow cytometry. The expression of Foxp3 mRNA was detected by real-time Q-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expressions of Foxp3 mRNA and CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(low)Treg cells showed no significant difference between the cyclosporine and the control groups 6 months after treatment. On the contrary, there were significantly lower expressions of both in the conventional group than in the control group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the cyclosporine group had significantly higher expressions of Foxp3 mRNA and CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(low) Treg cells than the conventional group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The expressions of CD4(+)CD25(+)CD127(low) Treg cells and Foxp3 mRNA in children with aplastic anemia increase after cyclosporine treatment.</p>

Evaluation of methods for detection of NPM1 gene mutations in acute myeloid leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

The purpose of this study was to establish real-time based methods for detection of NPM1 gene mutation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Primers/probes were designed according to the clustered region of NPM1 mutations on exon 12. Two real-time PCR assays, including high resolution melting curve (HRM) and allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR), were developed and clinically evaluated with 89 AML samples, which were parallelly detected by capillary electrophoresis (CE) and sequencing. The results showed that a total of 17 mutation-positive samples were detected, including type A (15 cases), type B (1 case) and type Nm (1 case). HRM assay could detect all mutant types, and the analytical sensitivity was around 5%. In contrast, AS-PCR assay detected only 95% mutant types, but its sensitivity was as high as 0.01%. It is concluded that considering the characteristics of each method as well as the clinical evaluation results, HRM may be used for screening of NPM1 mutations at diagnosis, while the AS-PCR can be used for the MRD quantification during follow-up.

Analysis of impact factors for post-thaw embryo survival rate and clinical pregnancy rate of frozen-thawed embryo transfer program / 上海第二医科大学学报

Objective To explore the impact factors for post-thaw embryo survival rate and clinical pregnancy rate in frozen-thawed embryo transfer program. Methods The clinical data of 573 cycles of frozen-thawed embryo transfers were retrospectively analysed. Groups were divided according to the pre-freeze embryo quality, pre-freeze embryonic developmental stage, frozen-thawed embryo quality and cryopreservation technique, respectively, and post-thaw embryo survival rates and/or clinical pregnancy rates were compared among groups. Results The clinical pregnancy rate of high quality pre-freeze embryo was significantly higher than that of low quality pre-freeze embryo (31.8% vs 20.0%) (P< 0.05). There was no significant difference in the post-thaw survival rates and clinical pregnancy rates between embryos frozen at day 2 of ferrtilization and those frozen at day 3 of ferrtilization(79. 1% vs 82.9% and 25.5% vs 31.2%, respectively) (P>0.05). The clinical pregnancy rates of the transfer cycles only with fully intact embryos and with mixed embryos were significantly higher than that only with partially damaged embryos(36.7% vs 24.1% and 29.2% vs 24.1%, respectively)(P<0.05). The post-thaw survival rate and post-thaw high-quality embryo rate were significantly higher in those processed with modified cryopreservation technique than in those processed with original cryopreservation technique (82.0% vs 66.3% and 50.0% vs 27.5%, respectively)(P<0.05). Conclusion Pre-freeze embryo quality, post-thaw embryo survival rate and post-thaw embryo quality have a positive correlation to subsequent clinical pregnancy rate. Favorable cryopreservation technique may ensure the success of post-thaw embryo recovery and transfer.

Developmental changes of acetabular cartilage complex: an experimental study of a straight-leg swaddle model of newborn rats / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>By establishing a model of straight-leg swaddle of newborn rats and observing the experimental animals'hips morphologically and pathologically, this study explored the changes of gross appearance of the acetabulum and the maturity of cartilage cells in the different regions of acetabular cartilage complex.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The legs and hips were fixed by adhesive tape for 10 days in the position of hip extension and adduction in 31 newborn Wistar rats (experimental group). The other 31 newborn rats without legs and hips treatment were used as the control group. After 10 days raising in the same condition, all the rats were sacrificed. The gross appearance, histological observations and VEGF and type X collagen immunohistochemistry were used for examining the acetabulum changes.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A straight leg swaddle model of newborn rats was established successfully. In the experimental group the acetabulum became shallow and small and surrounded by more soft tissues. There were 49 dislocated hips (49/54) in the experimental group and 2 hips dislocated (2/60) in the control group (p<0.01). Fake acetabulum appeared in the experimental group. In the control group, the shape of the acetabulum was normol, and no fake acetabulum was found. The safranin O-fast green staining showed that the orange-red cartilage in the experimental group was wider than the control group. Immunohistochemistry observations showed VEGF and type X collagen immunoreactivities in the hypertrophic layer of the acetabular cartilage complex in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group. The percentages of VEGF positive and type X collagen positive cells in the iliac hypertrophic layer of the acetabular articular cartilage were significantly higher than those in the ischiadic ramus and the pubic branch in the experimental group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>VEGF and type X collagen immunoreactivities in acetabular cartilage cells decrease in a straight-leg swaddle model of newborn rats. This suggests that this position might lead to dysmaturity of the acetabular cartilage cells and affect the development of the acetabulum.</p>

Sexual and reproductive health service needs of university/college students: updates from a survey in Shanghai, China / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>AIM</b>To promote the provision of reproductive health services to young people by exploring the attitudes and perceptions of university students in Shanghai, China, toward reproductive health.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From July 2004 to May 2006, 5 243 students from 14 universities in Shanghai took part in our survey. Topics covered the demands of reproductive health-care services, attitudes towards and experience with sex, exposure to pornographic material, and knowledge on sexual health and sexually transmitted infections (STIs)/AIDS.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 5 067 students who provided valid answer sheets, 50.05% were female and 49.95% were male, 14.86% were medical students, and 85.14% had non-medical backgrounds. A total of 38.4% of respondents had received reproductive health education previously. The majority of students supported school-based reproductive health education, and also acquired information about sex predominantly from books, schoolmates, and the Internet. Premarital sexual behavior was opposed by 17.7% of survey participants, and 37.5% could identify all the three types of STIs listed in the questionnaire. Although 83.7% knew how HIV is transmitted, only 55.7% knew when to use a condom and 57.8% knew that the use of condoms could reduce the risk of HIV infection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The reproductive health service is lagging behind current attitudes and demands of university students. Although students' attitudes towards sexual matters are liberal, their knowledge about reproductive health and STIs/AIDS is still limited. It is therefore necessary to provide effective and confidential reproductive health services to young people.</p>

The inactivating effect of chito-oligosaccharides on TMV particles in vitro / 病毒学报

To confirm the inactivating effect of chito-oligosaccharides on Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) par ticles in vitro, the difference of TMV pathogenicity was evaluated according to the decrease of local lesion numbers after inoculating with TMV mixed with chito-oligosaccharides (DP3-10) in Nicotiana glutinosa, and the virion structural change was studied by transmission electron microscopy after mixed with chito-oligosaccharides. In the range of tested concentrations of chito-oligosaccharides (100-1000 microg /mL), the numbers of local lesions were strongly reduced with over 30% decrement, and the 88.4% reduction gained at the concentration of 600g /mL. It revealed that treatment with chito-oligosaccharide solution of 300-500 microg /mL directly broke TMV particles into tiny pieces of 50-150nm long, and that treatment with solutions of 600-1000 microg/mL caused virus particle agglomerated. The data presented here suggested that chito-oligosaccharides exerted strong inactivating effect on plant virus in vitro.

Effects of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 targeted RNA interference on proliferation and apoptosis of acute monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that is constitutively activated in (70-90)% pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and appears to confer an adverse prognosis. Although several FLT3-selective small molecule inhibitors and antibodies were developed with varied degrees of success, to address the specificity and resistance, new approaches for specifically targeted FLT3 are needed and RNA interference is a promising choice. The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of suppression of FLT3 induced by small hairpin interfering RNA (shRNA) on myeloproliferation and apoptosis in an acute monocytic leukemia (AMOL) cell line THP-1.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>FLT3-targeted small hairpin interfering RNA (FLT3-shRNA) was designed and synthesized by transcription system in vitro was transfected into THP-1 cells. Firstly FLT3 mRNA level was detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and FLT3 protein level was detected by flow cytometry (FCM) to verify the efficacy on FLT3-shRNA interference at 48 h after transfection. Cell growth viability was measured at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after treatment with CCK-8. The distribution of cell cycle was assayed by FCM, and apoptosis was analyzed by DNA Ladder and Annexin V-FITC Staining at 48 h.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>FLT3 targeted shRNAs was synthesized successfully and the concentration of 15 nmol/L for 48 h could obtain desirable downregulation of FLT3 expression, the inhibitory percentages of FLT3 mRNA and protein were (72.95 +/- 2.07)% and (65.39 +/- 5.57)%, respectively. The suppression of FLT3 induced by FLT3-shRNA resulted in marked inhibition of cell growth and the inhibitory percentages were (36.66 +/- 3.67)% at 48 h, (35.56 +/- 0.73)% at 72 h. FLT3-shRNA induced the inhibition of cell cycle from G(0)/G(1) phase to S phase, the percentage of sub-G(0)/G(1) phase (65.71 +/- 4.47)% was higher than those in the PBS-control group (52.23 +/- 2.98)%, NC-shRNA control group (51.81 +/- 1.44)%, P < 0.01; the percentage of S phase (25.11 +/- 2.70)% was lower than those in the PBS-control group (34.41 +/- 4.07)% and NC-shRNA control group (32.50 +/- 1.46)%, P < 0.05. Furthermore treatment with FLT3-shRNA for 48 h resulted in clear apoptosis ladder, the percentage of early apoptosis detected by Annexin V-FITC was (18.59 +/- 2.07)% which was significantly higher than that in the PBS-control group (4.00 +/- 0.50)% and the NC-shRNA control group (6.06 +/- 0.70)%, P < 0.001.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The suppression of FLT3 induced by the shRNA can effectively inhibit cell proliferation, and apoptosis induction on THP-1 cells, which indicates that this approach may bear the therapeutic potential on childhood AMOL.</p>

Effect of oral administration of prednisone on prevention of moderate and severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome / 上海第二医科大学学报

0.05). Conclusion Oral administration of prednisone can prevent modrate and severe OHSS and may have no effect on pregnant rate of IVF.

Survey on reproductive health status of Shanghai college students / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore reproductive health condition of college students in Shanghai and provide scientific basis for reproductive health education.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From July 2004 to March 2005, 1192 college students (majors including medicine, science and engineering, arts and culture; 618 medical students and 549 non-medical; 555 male and 612 female) from seven time-day colleges in Shanghai were investigated with a reproductive health questionnaire involving sex. The questionnaire was constituted by 72 topics, involving the need of education, sex attitude, sex videos, sex hygiene knowledge and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), etc.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>39.33% (459/1167) students thought they had accepted formal sex education; 49.19% (574/1167) students chose lecture as the favorite way; 41.90% (489/1167) students thought the reproductive health education would not increase the incidence of premarital sexual behavior; 64.10% (748/1167) students thought it was necessary to give college students reproductive health instructions and knowledge. On the other hand, we found 45.05% (250/555) boys and 27.45% (168/612) girls could accept the premarital sexual behaviors; 35.32% (196/555) boys and 39.38% (241/612) girls could accept premarital pregnancy; 44.39% (518/1167) students could calculate the safe period accurately; 71.38% (833/1167) students knew emergency contraception measures; 57.67% (673/1167) students knew how to and when to use condoms; To our surprise, only 2.19% (12/549) non-medical students and 12.14% (75/618) medical students knew exactly the whole 4 sexually transmitted diseases that needed to be essentially prevented in China.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>At present, the reproductive health condition of college students in Shanghai is sophisticated. Much more education on sex safety, self-protection skills and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) knowledge, etc should be reinforced.</p>

Expression of Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 2 in Brain Edema Caused by Lioposacchride in Rats / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To study the expression of macrophage inflammatory protein 2(MIP-2) and the interfering effects of naloxone in the brain edema caused by lioposacchride (LPS)in rats.Methods Eithty-four SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:normal saline group(NS group,n=28) 0.2 mL normal saline was injected by carotid into each rat;LPS group(n=28) with 200 ?g LPS;naloxone interfering group(NAL group,n=28)1 mg/kg naloxone was intraperitoneally injected at 10 min,1,2,6,12 h and following LPS injected 2 h before decapitation.The content of MIP-2 and even blue(EB) in brain tissue were detected at different time point.The brain water content was measured by drying method.Results The content of water and EB in LPS group were significan higher than those in NS group(P